Abstract

Urticaria can be induced with a wide variety of environmental stimuli, such as cold, pressure, vibration, sunlight, exercise, temperature changes, heat, and water. Urticaria caused by physical factors has been reported as the cause of 6-17% of the chronic urticaria in children. We present three cases here - cholinergic, cold and aquagenic urticaria - in which the diagnosis was proven with exercise, ice-cube and water provocation tests, respectively.

How to cite

1.
Arıkan-Ayyıldız Z, Işık S, Cağlayan-Sözmen S, Karaman O, Uzuner N. Cold, cholinergic and aquagenic urticaria in children: presentation of three cases and review of the literature. Turk J Pediatr 2013; 55: 94-98.