The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical, radiological, microbiological characteristics, side effects of anti-TB drugs and treatment outcome of childhood definite or probable TB. The medical records of all childhood TB patients were investigated in the department of pediatric infectious disease of a tertiary care hospital between January 2005 and December 2012. Patients who followed-up until the anti-TB treatment was completed were included in the study. One hundred forty four pediatric cases with active TB were included in the study (27 definite, 117 probable). Twenty-four (16.7 %) patients were asymptomatic at admission. Pulmonary TB was the most common type. The most common localizations for extrapulmonary TB were superficial lymphadenitis. An index case was detected in 39.6% of the patients. In conclusion, the absence of constitutional symptoms does not exclude TB. Household contact screening plays an important role in the diagnosis of childhood TB especially in asymptomatic patients.