Oligodendrogliomas rarely occur in the posterior fossa of childhood and constitute approximately 1% of pediatric brain tumors. Only six pediatric posterior fossa oligodendroglioma cases have been reported to date and none of them were cystic. The authors present a seven-year-old girl with cystic, cerebellar midline localized tumor. A standard suboccipital craniectomy was performed and the tumor was histologically confirmed as oligodendroglioma. After operation the patient underwent radiation therapy and at one the-year follow-up, no recurrence of the tumor was observed.