Thirty-one children (4 to 16 years) newly diagnosed as having AML received combination chemotherapy (Ara-C and VCR) for remission induction. Twenty achieved complete remission, 3 had partial remission. A median duration of hematological remission was 4 months which is far from satisfactory. Exophthalmia and enlarged liver and spleen were signs indicating very poor prognosis in our patients.